Improvement in printing-presses



" 4UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERIC J. AUSTIN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPRVEMENT IN PRlNTlNGPRESSES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 7,335, dated May '7, 1850.

To all whom t imi/y concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERIC J.'AUSTIN, machinist, of the city and State of New York, have invented and made and applied to use certain new and useful improvements in the application, arrangement, and constructive combination of well-known mechanical means with parts invented, improved, or newly applied by me to produce a double -acting printing-press, which can by a limitation of the parts be applied to single presses in a mode for which it is my intention to seek a separate patent hereafter, and such present improvements being generally based. upon a caveat entered by me the 27th of July, 1844, and for which improvements I now seek Letters Patent of the United States; and I do hereby declare that the said improvements as now completed by me and the uses and effects thereof are collectively, constructively, and substantially set forthand shown in the following description and in the drawings annexed to and making part of this speciiication, whereinm- Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a general plan of the parts in place for use. Fig. 2 is a side elevation on the side A of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an end elevation at the end B of Fi-g. 1. In the Sheet 2, Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation through the line C D, Fig. 1, Sheet l. Fig. 5 is a plan of the cams and cranks, as at the line E F of Fig. 4, seen in reverse or as from beneath the parts. Fig. 6 is a detached elevation of the clutch-box andA earns, which when unconnected leave the papenframes stationary, and when connected move the paper-frames by an alternating motion. Fig. 7 is a plan, and Fig. 8V an elevation, of the ink-distribut ing apparatus. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the apparatus for inking the type, and Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the ink-lifting appal ratus.

Many of these parts thus represented are not new; but their motions and operations are so connected with and controlled by parts that are either new in themselves or newly applied and combined for the intended purposes, or new and old parts applied and combined together in a way that renders it needful to describe the whole machine; and the same letters, numbers, or other marks of reference used herein apply to the like and cor* responding parts in all the figures or separately in those `which for convenience are hereinafter directly referred to.

G G are the main frames of the machine throughout, sustaining and connecting the motive parts.

II is the drum or may be a crank to connect with any proper motive power, and H is a fly-wheel. These are titted on a shaft a, that revolves in bearings l l (see Fig. 3) and carries a bevel-pinion I, working into a bevel gear-wheel K, that is mounted on a vertical shaft Zi, set in journals 2 2 on a cross-bearing` b. This shaft l) is in two parts, that carry between them a crank L, that has a pinjournal box and joint h2, that connects the crank L to the end of a toggle-joint pitman or pressing-bar M, made in two parts, that are made one as a hollow cylinder, that receives a sliding ro'd, shouldered as at 3, so as to form a stop. The bar thus made is hooked at the forward end to take the pin of the toggle-joint b3 at 4. The toggle-joint b3 is jointed below to the fixed cross-head h4 between the frames and at the top to the typebed N, which moves on slides 5 5 in the usual manner. 1

Beneath the wheel K is a grooved canl b5, with a part of the groove as an arc of a circle, the remainder eccentric, as shown in Fig. 5, to take a pin G on the `end of a backing bar or rod h6, the other end of which is secured at 7 by a pin-j ournal-to the head of the pressingbar M, so that during a part of the motion the bar h6 travels with the movement of the bar M. On this sliding in the socket the backing-bar h6 ceases to act as soon as the pin 6 comes into the arc of the circular groove in the cam h5. A vertical shaft b7 set in journals h on the frame G has an arm 9 that receives and supports the traversing end of the backing-bar h6 and prevents the pin 6 dropping out of the groove in the cani h5. arrangement of these parts the shaft b7 and its arm 9 supports the bar h6 on the return motion, and the cam and pin lower the typebed by drawing back the center of the toggie-joint h3 through the bar b only so much as is needed, while the crank lL withdraws part of the rod from the cylinder in the bar M, and leaves the type-bed N stationary during part of the revolution of the crank L, and in the opposite part of each revolution; the shoulder 3, taking the end of the cylinder,

By this roller on its top lying underthe pitman M, so

that by depressing either end of the lever hs the pitman-hook at 4 is lifted from the toggle-joint, and the vertical movements of the type-bed are suspended until the hook at 4 is,

again lowered into place. This mode of'dis- Yconnecting' is the same as is in common use.

The platen O, with ears c', impression-rods c2, journals an d boxes 13, adjusting-screws 14, and rollers 15 15 are all made as usual, except that the journal-boxes to the rollers 15 are set in half-pieces above the journals of the rollers, with the adjusting-screws s, (see Fig. 4,) in the bearings to act from above and set the rollers at anequal bearing all round.

The iiXed tympan 16 is fitted with rollers 17 1 7, and these are tightened by a small ratchet and pawl 18, (see Fig. 4,) and the type-bed N is fitted with vertical rods 19, jointed below to a lever 20, the other end of which carries a weight 21 (see Fig. 4) to balance the type-bed, all made as usual.

The vertical shaftb carries on its top a cam c5, made with a half-round flange on both the upper and lower faces,(see Fig. 6,) to retain two rollers 22, one above and one below the cam, each on a pin on a vertical slide-rod 23, stepped in the cross-tie Z9 and going upward to ajoint on a horizontal forked arm c4 above, jointed on a shaft 24 in bearing-brackets 25, set on the cross-piece b. The forks of the arm c4, take by pins a groove in the upper-half clutchboX c5. This has two clutches 2G, taking to clutchesin the body of the cam c3, (see the dotted lines in Fig. 6,) and the half-clutch c5 slides vertically on a keyon a shaft c( in a socket in the top of the shaft b, and held at the top by a journal 27 on the cross-piece c7. On this shaftisa disk cs, having two holes at the half-motions to take the pins *1* on the ends of the fork c4, so that at each half-motion of the shaft b, the cam c3, by therollers 22, lifts the vertical rod 23 and forks c4 on the shaft 24. These lift the upper half-clutch c5, and disengage the clutches 26, and atthe same time lock the pins i into the holes in the disk o8, stopping the motion of the shaft c, while on the opposite half-motion the reverse operation takes place, and the intermittent and semi-rotary motion thus given to the shaft c6 is communicated to a crank-arm cf with a pin-journal 23, that carries a common or male cog-wheel d. This re- Volves with the crank c within a fixed rim d', formed as a female gear-wheel with teeth on the inside edge to interlock with those of the wheel d, which has a boss 29. The projection of the boss 29 interlocks at each halfmotion into a corresponding indentation on the inside and opposite parts of the fixed rim 0r female wheel d. (See Fig. 1.) The boss 29 also serves as the center to a pin connected to and communicating the intermittent motion to the connecting-rod :32, which takes the end of the double paper-carriage d3. This is' commonly called the roller-carriage,7 and lruns on slides 30 30 on each top piece of the ways in one direct line, so that no side sway Y Y or lateral strain is given to the paper-frame, as would be given by a common horlzontal crank-motion, nor is there any vertlcal drag downward or lift upward, as there would be v by a crank on a horizontal shaft. Near the opposite sides of the type-bed and on the opposite sides of the frames G are a pair of fixed cams d, whose form is best seen by dotted lines in Fig. 9, where the cam and the parts it operates on are shown twic'e the slze of the other gures. In this dT is a small flanged plate on the paper-frame d3, and the y curve on the upper edge of the cani d6 is formed to raise 33, a small segment-wheel, the position of which is shown by dot-tedlmes, as behind the plate d?, and the teeth of which gear into a small pinion-wheel 34, also shown by dotted lines, as on a shaft 35, lying across the paper-frame d3, and carrying the paperfingers 36.

Behind and above thcsegment forming the wheel 33 is fixed an expansive scroll-spring 37, and inthe opposite end of the plate Z7 is a second cross-shaft 3S, with fingers 39, on the shaft, and a segmentwheel, pinion, and spring, not shown in the drawings, but set in reverse, or at the opposite end ofv the shaft 3S, so that at each alternate motion of the paper-frame d3 the fingers 36 and 39 are successively but oppositely lifted up as they pass from under the platen by the slope of the fixed cams d, alternately throwing up the segment-wheels 33 and pinions 34 and lingers 36 and 39, and these being in the same alternating manner returned or thrown down by the expansion of t-he scroll-spring 37 to hold the paper. As they enter under the platen the like motions are successively acting in each part of the machine and on each of two sheets of paper.

In Figs. 2 and 4 the means are best seen to work the inking apparatus. In these (ZS is a connecting-rod from thetoggle-joint pin 4 to a crank-arm df on a shaft e, set in journals on the main frames G, and having on one end, outside the journal, the slotted crankarm e. (See Fig.`10.) the slot takes the end of a small rod e2, having a fulcrum in a pair of slings c3 on a shaft e4 and a pawl 40, taking the teeth of a small A joint and pin in ratchet-wheel 4l on the end of the ink-lifting or fountain-roller e5, set in the trough e6, with ascraper 42 to take olf the surplus ink, all as usual.

e7 are two cams near each end of the shaft e6. Inside the journals are arms es, having rollers 43 on their lower ends, in contact with the cams e7. Thesearms forni an acute-angled crankwith thelevers efwhich are supported by a cross-shaft 44. Thelongest ends of the levers e9 have each an eye receiving a verticalshaft 45, depending from thelower side of a lug on the type-bed N, and having above the eyes of the levers e9 an expansive helical spring f. The opposite ends of the levers form forked journals 46, with a pin above and securing thejournal of the ink-lifting roller f. Alarge ink-distributing-cylinderf2, set on a shaft 47, is driven by a belt 4S from a pulley f3 on the shaft ct, acting round apulley]a4 on a shaft 49, and thence a second band to a pulley f5 on the shaft 47, that carries the ink-distributing cylinder f2. A roller f6, called the vibratory roller, mounted on a shaft 50, is set on sliding journals in bearings on G, anddriven by Contact with the cylinder f2, and has (see Fig. l) on one end of the shaft an endless screw f7, taking a button 5l, Whichis set on a pivot in a bracket on the frame below, to cause the alternating motion of the vibratory roller, as usual.

Figs. 7 and 8 show detached, in plan and elevation, the rollers usually known as the kneading-rollers. In these figures g g are two rollers set on forked journals 52. These project from shafts 53 53, set near the angles of a triangular frame g', which at its apex has a journal and stud 54, carrying the grooved roller g2, which travels against the round cross-bar 55. The other angles of the triangle have on them two rollers 56 56, running in a groove in the cross-bar g3, set on the frames G G. A small flat bar 57 takes a rabbet on the under side of the apex of and to support the frame g. Two crank-arms 58 on the shafts 53 are jointed at their points to a connecting-bar g4. Between these is a third crank-arm 59, jointed on the end of a round shaft 69, going through the base of the triangular frame g', and having an expansive helical spring acting within the frame, and on this shaft is a collar 6l, with a stud that takes the edges of ahalf-clutch on the crank 59, and the collar carries a short shaft, with a heart-shaped cam g5 on the outer end. As the machine progresses, the kneading-rollers g g, being canted, as seen in Figs. l and 4, progress to the side A, Fig. 1,untilthe heartshaped cam g5, taking the adjustable pin 62 on a collar on the round shaft g, is canted over on the opposite side, and carries by its weight the cranks 58 58 59 and rollers g g into the opposite angular position, so that they travel in the opposite direction to the other side of the machine, where a corresponding pin 63 again changes the angles an the direct-ion of the rollers g g.

Q is an ink-distriluiting cylinder on the shaft 49, with'the duplicates of the kneadingrollers and their parts, the same as last described.

The flange-plates dT have two flanges 64, carrying' three vertical rods h, that slide in the flanges, having a head above the upper flange, and a Worm in the middle, going through to sustain and adj ust three elongated nuts t', one end of each of which forms a journal-box 65, and these, collectively, carry the inking-rollers t" Q12 t3. Under the top flange three expansive scroll-springs 66 are so placed that the exterior end presses on the journalboxes 65 65 65, and thus regulates the pressure on the type d4 beneath as the inking-rollers pass over it, the vertical position being, in the first instance, regulated by the worms on thebodies of the shafts 7L. In this arrangement, by regulating the distance between the ink-distributing cylinders f2 and Q, the inkrollers t2 is will on one motion be turned, and the ink worked by the cylinder f2, and at the other motion of the paper-frames d3 the two rollers t" 'i2 are turned and the ink worked by the cylinder Q, and these ink the type on the back motion without any fresh supply of ink from the ink-trough until the return of the rollers to the first position.

Having hereinbefore distinguished the parts that are not new by describing the-In as made in the usual manner, I do not claim to have invented such parts so described; neither do I claim, in any manner, to have originally invented a printing-press; neither do I claim any exclusive invention of or property in any of the separate parts described herein, except as applied, arranged, and constructively combined for the purposes hereinbefore and hereinafter set forth, as follows:

I claiml. The niode of governing the vertical motion of the type-bed N by the conjoint application of the crank L and two-part pressingbar M, made as a hollow cylinder-and slide, with a stop-shoulder to give the upward motion and pressure, and arranged to lengthen by sliding out attheback motion of the crank L, and the combination therewith of the grooved cam b5 and backing-bar b, to regulate the descending motion of the type-bed, substantially as described and shown.

2. The application of the rotating cams cs to act through the fork c4 and connect or disconnect the clutches 26 to give the shaft c6 a rotary motion during half the rotation of the shaft b and suspend the motion of the shaft c* by the disk c8 and pins if on the fork c4 during the other half-rotation, so that. the shaft Z) goes two continuous revolutions to one interlnitted revolution of the shaft c, such intermitted revolution being applied to give an intermitted alternate motion to the double paper-carriage in a printing-press or to give any similar intermitted alternate motion by any competent means, substantially as described and shown.

3. The application of the crank a9, male hemd,` inthe city of New York, this 22d day wheel d, fixed female Wheel d', and. eonneetof April, 1847.

infr-bar d2, for the ur )ose of communieatino th intermitted altnte motion to the doubl v F' J' AUSTIN' paper-Carriage (Z3, subsantially as described Witnesses: and shown. W. SERRELL,

In WitneSs whereof I have hereunto set my LEMUEL WV. SERRELL. 

